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SDG16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Official Global Indicators for SDG 16
The official global indicators for the SDGs are used to measure progress on specific targets. They do not necessarily encompass the full letter or spirit of their respective targets under SDG 16, as a given target’s ambition may refer to broad, multifaceted concepts. (For instance, “while SDG target 16.5 refers to a substantial reduction in corruption and bribery ‘in all their forms,’ the agreed global indicators SDG 16.5.1 and 16.5.2 measure only bribery. Likewise, SDG target 16.4 does not include indicators related to asset recovery or organized crime.”[1]) Global indicators shown below are current as of the UN Statistical Commission meeting in March 2021.
This correspondence table shows all the SDGs, targets and indicators.
Supplemental Global Indicators
Given that the official global indicators are not fully reflective of the entirety of each target, this column lists supplemental, alternative indicators that can also be used to measure each target or larger Goal to provide a more comprehensive understanding of progress. This chart includes supplemental indicators cited in three key reports as well as those proposed by a wide range of grassroots CSOs, national statistics offices, UN agencies and other stakeholders directly involved in data collection and monitoring of SDG 16.
As supplemental indicators proposed by varying sources, the listed supplemental indicators are indicative and non-exhaustive, and are meant to provide additional options for civil society partners to use in tracking progress towards SDG 16 in their own contexts. This can include indicators that utilize quantitative data sets with robust methodologies and extensive data availability, in addition to qualitative indicators that rely mainly on qualitative data and anecdotal assessments.
Below is a brief overview of the methodology used by the reports cited:
Target 16.1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere
Official Global Indicators[1]
16.1.1 Number of victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 population, by sex and age
16.1.2 Conflict-related deaths per 100,000 population, by sex, age and cause
16.1.3 Proportion of population subjected to (a) physical violence, (b) psychological violence and (c) sexual violence in the previous 12 months
16.1.4 The proportion of the population that feel safe walking alone around the area they live
Supplemental Global Indicators[1]
Target 16.2 End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children
Official Global Indicators
16.2.1 The proportion of children aged 1–17 years who experienced any physical punishment and/or psychological aggression by caregivers in the past month
16.2.2 Number of victims of human trafficking per 100,000 population, by sex, age and form of exploitation
16.2.3 Proportion of young women and men aged 18–29 years who experienced sexual violence by age 18
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.3 Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all
Official Global Indicators
16.3.1 Proportion of victims of violence in the previous 12 months who reported their victimization to competent authorities or other officially recognized conflict resolution mechanisms
16.3.2 Unsentenced detainees as a proportion of overall prison population
16.3.3 Proportion of the population who have experienced a dispute in the past two years and who accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism, by type of mechanism
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.4 By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime
Official Global Indicators
16.4.1 Total value of inward and outward illicit financial flows (in current United States dollars)
16.4.2 Proportion of seized, found or surrendered arms whose illicit origin or context has been traced or established by a competent authority in line with international instruments
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.5 Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms
Official Global Indicators
16.5.1 Proportion of persons who had at least one contact with a public official and who paid a bribe to a public official, or were asked for a bribe by those public officials, during the previous 12 months
16.5.2 Proportion of businesses that had at least one contact with a public official and that paid a bribe to a public official, or were asked for a bribe by those public officials during the previous 12 months
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.6 Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels
Official Global Indicators
16.6.1 Primary government expenditures as a proportion of original approved budget, by sector (or by budget codes or similar)
16.6.2 Proportion of population satisfied with their last experience of public services
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.7 Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels
Official Global Indicators
16.7.1 Proportions of positions in national and local institutions, including (a) the legislatures; (b) the public service; and (c) the judiciary, compared to national distributions, by sex, age, persons with disabilities and population groups
16.7.2 Proportion of population who believe decisionmaking is inclusive and responsive, by sex, age, disability and population group
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.8 Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance
Official Global Indicators
16.8.1 Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.8 Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance
Official Global Indicators
16.9.1 Proportion of children under 5 years of age whose births have been registered with a civil authority, by age
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.10 Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements
Official Global Indicators
16.10.1 Number of verified cases of killing, kidnapping, enforced disappearance, arbitrary detention and torture of journalists, associated media personnel, trade unionists and human rights advocates in the previous 12 months
16.10.2 Number of countries that adopt and implement constitutional, statutory and/or policy guarantees for public access to information
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.a Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat terrorism and crime
Official Global Indicators
16.a.1 Existence of independent national human rights institutions in compliance with the Paris Principles
Supplemental Global Indicators
Target 16.b Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development
Official Global Indicators
16.b.1 Proportion of population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights law
Supplemental Global Indicators
Transparency, Accountability &
Participation (TAP) Network
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